India witnessed the biggest organised strike in human history on November 26.
More than 250 million workers and farmers, along with their allies among students, feminists and civil society groups, participated in the nationwide strike. The strike coincided with India鈥檚 Constitution Day, which commemorates the adoption of the constitution in 1949, and comes in the background of an unprecedented attack on workers鈥 rights and farmers鈥 protections by the right-wing government of Prime Minister Narendra Modi.
The protest by farmers in States around Delhi continued late into the night on November 26 and 27. Thousands of farmers have broken blockade after blockade marching to the city. The police have used water cannons on them repeatedly but have failed to break their spirit.
The strike was organised by a coalition of workers鈥 and farmers鈥 movements, with 10 national trade confederations and the umbrella group, All India Kisan Sangharsh [Farmers鈥 Struggle] Coordination Committee (AIKSCC), that consists of moe than 200 farmers鈥 groups across India. Women鈥檚 rights groups, students unions and various civil society organisations also participated in the strike. The strike also received support from left parties and several opposition groups.
Some of the key demands contained in the 12-point charter put forward by the organisers include withdrawal of a series of laws recently passed by the Modi government repealing key labour and farm price protections, a rollback in the recent disinvestment policies in major government-owned enterprises, implementation of existing welfare schemes for rural workers, and expanding welfare policies to aid the masses affected by the economic fallout of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Thousands of farmers, along with members of trade union groups and other movements, from across India, also led a rally to the national capital, Delhi. The rally was met with fierce repression by Delhi police, who made use of a blockade, baton charges and water cannons to stop the march. Eventually, the blockade was breached.
In similar confrontations with the authorities, workers and farmers groups brought major metropolitan cities like Kolkata and Mumbai to a standstill, with sit-ins organised on key transport routes. The industrial and mining belt across East and Central India also witnessed a virtual shutdown.
Organisers said the strike is a build-up to more upcoming struggles. 鈥淭he workers and peasants will not rest till the disastrous and disruptive policies of the BJP government are reversed. The strike today is only a beginning. Much more intense struggles will follow,鈥 said Tapan Sen, general secretary of Centre of Indian Trade Unions (CITU), one of the trade union confederations participating in the strike.
The strike comes at a time when the economic fallout of the COVID-19 pandemic has pushed India into a veritable recession, exacerbating existing inequalities and deprivation. India鈥檚 gross domestic product (GDP) has declined by a record 23.9%, while unemployment has soared to an unprecedented 27%.
Amidst such an all-round crisis, the right-wing government led by the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) has implemented new amendments to labour laws and introduced farm bills that have reversed major historical progresses made in workers鈥 rights and farm protections.
Despite police attempts to suppress the strike in several cities, massive rallies were held across the country. Members of the Health Employees Union along with workers of Jawaharlal Nehru Port, a major port of India鈥檚 commercial capital, Mumbai, participated in the strike.
Trade unionists blockaded National Highway 31, a major roadway that connects the city of Kolkata, in the state of West Bengal.
Blockades of key railway lines were also witnessed in major cities across India. Refineries in Assam, the north-eastern state rich in oil and natural gas reserve, were shut down by the strike.
Police in the state of Haryana detained participants on their way to Delhi. Delhi鈥檚 two neighbouring States of Haryana and Uttar Pradesh coordinated attempts, with the Delhi police, to prevent protesters from entering the capital.
Delhi police blockaded the Haryana-Delhi border. Protesting farmers held counter blockades in Uttar Pradesh on routes leading to Delhi.
Workers also protested in Noida, a satellite city of Delhi and huge protests were also held in southern states, including by textile workers in the city of Coimbatore in Tamil Nadu.
Protests were also held across Jammu and Kashmir, which has been under a virtual government-imposed lockdown for more than a year and repressive government policies have made mobilising extremely difficult.
[Abridged from .]