The tribulations of major European banks, starting with 鈥渧enerable institutions鈥 like the Monte dei Paschi di Siena (the world鈥檚 oldest bank) and Deutsche Bank (Germany鈥檚 largest), have raised the spectre of a repeat of the crash of 2008 鈥 a 鈥淟ehman Brothers times five鈥 in the words of one market analyst.
Deutsche Bank has been found to be seriously under-capitalised, both according to the standards set under the Basel III international bank regulation standards and according to its own targets. The same goes for British giant Barclays.